预计上述尚未确认收入的电站业绩将在2016年下半年实现。

特斯拉CEO马斯克此前在推特上发文，称即将推出特斯拉规划2.0，就在刚刚，IT之家获悉特斯拉规划2.0已经发布，本文为其内容节选。汽车分享特斯拉未来将推出汽车分享功能，用户可以在自己的特斯拉汽车闲置时通过官方App有偿租赁给其他用户，以此获取收入

同时他也指出，比Model3价格更低的汽车很有可能并无必要，这意味着Model3将成为特斯拉最低端的产品系列，此外，马斯克称正在加速产能潘爬坡来满足未来的用户需求。汽车分享特斯拉未来将推出汽车分享功能，用户可以在自己的特斯拉汽车闲置时通过官方App有偿租赁给其他用户，以此获取收入。加速特斯拉产品线建设马斯克指出，特斯拉将覆盖绝大部分消费级市场，从低端到高端都将有相应的Model汽车产品推出。特斯拉未来的规划主要分为四个方面：太阳能动力汽车特斯拉将开发集成太阳能发电装置的车顶，该公司不仅仅要做到太阳能技术的集成，同时又要兼具美感。完善自动驾驶系统马斯克在博客中解释了为何现在的自动驾驶系统被称为Beta版本，并宣布，未来的特斯拉自动驾驶系统将实现比人类驾驶高十倍的安全性。

本文仅为马斯克博客摘要，博客全文如下：Master Plan, Part DeuxElon Musk July 20, 2016The first master plan that I wrote 10 years ago is now in the final stages of completion. It wasn't all that complicated and basically consisted of:Create a low volume car, which would necessarily be expensiveUse that money to develop a medium volume car at a lower priceUse that money to create an affordable, high volume carAnd...Provide solar power. No kidding, this has literally been on our website for 10 years.The reason we had to start off with step 1 was that it was all I could afford to do with what I made from PayPal. I thought our chances of success were so low that I didn't want to risk anyone's funds in the beginning but my own. The list of successful car company startups is short. As of 2016, the number of American car companies that haven't gone bankrupt is a grand total of two: Ford and Tesla. Starting a car company is idiotic and an electric car company is idiocy squared.Also, a low volume car means a much smaller, simpler factory, albeit with most things done by hand. Without economies of scale, anything we built would be expensive, whether it was an economy sedan or a sports car. While at least some people would be prepared to pay a high price for a sports car, no one was going to pay $100k for an electric Honda Civic, no matter how cool it looked.Part of the reason I wrote the first master plan was to defend against the inevitable attacks Tesla would face accusing us of just caring about making cars for rich people, implying that we felt there was a shortage of sports car companies or some other bizarre rationale. Unfortunately, the blog didn't stop countless attack articles on exactly these grounds, so it pretty much completely failed that objective.However, the main reason was to explain how our actions fit into a larger picture, so that they would seem less random. The point of all this was, and remains, accelerating the advent of sustainable energy, so that we can imagine far into the future and life is still good. That's what sustainable means. It's not some silly, hippy thing -- it matters for everyone.By definition, we must at some point achieve a sustainable energy economy or we will run out of fossil fuels to burn and civilization will collapse. Given that we must get off fossil fuels anyway and that virtually all scientists agree that dramatically increasing atmospheric and oceanic carbon levels is insane, the faster we achieve sustainability, the better.Here is what we plan to do to make that day come sooner:Integrate Energy Generation and StorageCreate a smoothly integrated and beautiful solar-roof-with-battery product that just works, empowering the individual as their own utility, and then scale that throughout the world. One ordering experience, one installation, one service contact, one phone app.We can't do this well if Tesla and SolarCity are different companies, which is why we need to combine and break down the barriers inherent to being separate companies. That they are separate at all, despite similar origins and pursuit of the same overarching goal of sustainable energy, is largely an accident of history. Now that Tesla is ready to scale Powerwall and SolarCity is ready to provide highly differentiated solar, the time has come to bring them together.Expand to Cover the Major Forms of Terrestrial TransportToday, Tesla addresses two relatively small segments of premium sedans and SUVs. With the Model 3, a future compact SUV and a new kind of pickup truck, we plan to address most of the consumer market. A lower cost vehicle than the Model 3 is unlikely to be necessary, because of the third part of the plan described below.What really matters to accelerate a sustainable future is being able to scale up production volume as quickly as possible. That is why Tesla engineering has transitioned to focus heavily on designing the machine that makes the machine -- turning the factory itself into a product. A first principles physics analysis of automotive production suggests that somewhere between a 5 to 10 fold improvement is achievable by version 3 on a roughly 2 year iteration cycle. The first Model 3 factory machine should be thought of as version 0.5, with version 1.0 probably in 2018.In addition to consumer vehicles, there are two other types of electric vehicle needed: heavy-duty trucks and high passenger-density urban transport. Both are in the early stages of development at Tesla and should be ready for unveiling next year. We believe the Tesla Semi will deliver a substantial reduction in the cost of cargo transport, while increasing safety and making it really fun to operate.With the advent of autonomy, it will probably make sense to shrink the size of buses and transition the role of bus driver to that of fleet manager. Traffic congestion would improve due to increased passenger areal density by eliminating the center aisle and putting seats where there are currently entryways, and matching acceleration and braking to other vehicles, thus avoiding the inertial impedance to smooth traffic flow of traditional heavy buses. It would also take people all the way to their destination. Fixed summon buttons at existing bus stops would serve those who don't have a phone. Design accommodates wheelchairs, strollers and bikes.AutonomyAs the technology matures, all Tesla vehicles will have the hardware necessary to be fully self-driving with fail-operational capability, meaning that any given system in the car could break and your car will still drive itself safely. It is important to emphasize that refinement and validation of the software will take much longer than putting in place the cameras, radar, sonar and computing hardware.Even once the software is highly refined and far better than the average human driver, there will still be a significant time gap, varying widely by jurisdiction, before true self-driving is approved by regulators. We expect that worldwide regulatory approval will require something on the order of 6 billion miles (10 billion km). Current fleet learning is happening at just over 3 million miles (5 million km) per day.I should add a note here to explain why Tesla is deploying partial autonomy now, rather than waiting until some point in the future. The most important reason is that, when used correctly, it is already significantly safer than a person driving by themselves and it would therefore be morally reprehensible to delay release simply for fear of bad press or some mercantile calculation of legal liability.According to the recently released 2015 NHTSA report, automotive fatalities increased by 8% to one death every 89 million miles. Autopilot miles will soon exceed twice that number and the system gets better every day. It would no more make sense to disable Tesla's Autopilot, as some have called for, than it would to disable autopilot in aircraft, after which our system is named.It is also important to explain why we refer to Autopilot as beta. This is not beta software in any normal sense of the word. Every release goes through extensive internal validation before it reaches any customers. It is called beta in order to decrease complacency and indicate that it will continue to improve (Autopilot is always off by default). Once we get to the point where Autopilot is approximately 10 times safer than the US vehicle average, the beta label will be removed.SharingWhen true self-driving is approved by regulators, it will mean that you will be able to summon your Tesla from pretty much anywhere. Once it picks you up, you will be able to sleep, read or do anything else enroute to your destination.You will also be able to add your car to the Tesla shared fleet just by tapping a button on the Tesla phone app and have it generate income for you while you're at work or on vacation, significantly offsetting and at times potentially exceeding the monthly loan or lease cost. This dramatically lowers the true cost of ownership to the point where almost anyone could own a Tesla. Since most cars are only in use by their owner for 5% to 10% of the day, the fundamental economic utility of a true self-driving car is likely to be several times that of a car which is not.In cities where demand exceeds the supply of customer-owned cars, Tesla will operate its own fleet, ensuring you can always hail a ride from us no matter where you are.So, in short, Master Plan, Part Deux is:Create stunning solar roofs with seamlessly integrated battery storageExpand the electric vehicle product line to address all major segmentsDevelop a self-driving capability that is 10X safer than manual via massive fleet learningEnable your car to make money for you when you aren't using it.。特斯拉CEO马斯克此前在推特上发文，称即将推出特斯拉规划2.0，就在刚刚，IT之家获悉特斯拉规划2.0已经发布，本文为其内容节选。装机指标确定，给整个光伏行业带来了新的机遇，领跑者指标的大幅度增加让技术领先的企业倍受鼓舞。

然而令这些企业始料未及的是，2015年12月8日，宁夏回族自治区发改委出台首个地方光伏新政，要求宁夏回族自治区2016年所有光伏项目都必须符合领跑者计划相应的指标。冬奥会光伏廊道等8个光伏领跑技术基地纳入建设范围。领跑者倒逼效应显现光伏领跑者计划推出后，一度引起行业内的质疑。中国光伏行业协会秘书长王勃华表示，领跑者计划能够有效拉动高效产品市场需求，有利于推动企业技术升级和产品质量提升，促进我国光伏产业转型升级。

这也是我国实施光伏产业领跑者计划的首个获批示范项目。当年，首批１吉瓦的示范项目在山西大同采煤沉陷区落地。

水电水利规划设计总院副院长易跃春说。领跑者计划从制造水平、应用水平、标准及测试等方面促进行业整体水平提升，其设置的产品技术指标将不断催生创新活力，将光伏产业引向高质、高效发展。领跑者计划的落实、延伸与拓展，必将推动我国光伏产业的技术升级，达到效率提升，进而最终实现降低成本的目标。国家实施领跑者计划的目的是为了鼓励企业采用先进技术生产先进产品。

随之而来的是对产能不足的担忧。在领跑者计划的刺激下，未来3－5年，组件功率提高速度更快，企业之间的竞争将过渡到以转换效率为核心的良性竞争。也有业内人士并不认同会出现高效产品供不应求的情况。６月底，备受关注的大同采煤沉陷区国家先进技术光伏示范基地如期并网发电。

乐叶光伏执行董事助理王英歌说，过去几年，低效产品难以退出市场，组件主流功率每年似乎惯性提高一档（5Ｗ）。国家能源局等三部委于2015年正式启动光伏领跑者计划，提出光电转换率、电池组件、逆变器等一系列指标，旨在通过市场行为引导光伏技术进步和产业升级，促进我国光伏制造业发展。

还有一部分企业认为，只要企业有一部分产能达到领跑者要求，能够参与示范基地的建设，实现专项供应即可，无需大惊小怪，盲目投入。新疆维吾尔自治区发改委发文称，为确保准东新能源基地装备先进化，光伏发电项目应优先选用领跑者技术标准组件。

产能能否满足存悬疑淘汰落后产能、建立技术优势，开展技术创新是我国光伏产业升级发展的必由之路。而中国光伏行业协会5月发布的《2015－2016中国光伏产业年度报告》也提出，目前我国达到领跑者计划要求的产品产能较低，远不能满足市场需求，亟待加强对生产设备进行升级或新技术产业化，以提升先进生产线产能和提高产品质量。去年大同１吉瓦装机规模都出现了高效组件供应困难，面对今年需求的大幅增加，产能能否满足需要成为业内担心的新问题。提高转换效率、降低度电成本是光伏实现进一步发展的关键。就在宁夏回族自治区发文后不到一周的时间里，光照资源丰厚的新疆提出了同样的要求。此前观望、质疑者意识到该改变了，以往以价廉制胜的多晶企业，投入资金开发黑硅技术、PERC技术用以提升转换效率。

包括保利协鑫、天合光能在内的光伏巨头开始改变投入方向，建设转换效率更高的单晶光伏产品生产线。随后，以领跑者计划技术指标要求来规范光伏发展的已经不仅宁夏和新疆，陕西西安、浙江衢州等地同样开始要求使用满足领跑者指标的组件，更有一大批电站投资者，主动要求使用领跑者指标的光伏产品。

领跑者基地建设一年，扩容已经成为必然，也成为业内一致的呼声。部分企业认为，领跑者只是示范，指标只有年装机计划的1/10左右，企业即便没有能力去参与示范基地建设，照样可以有足够的市场空间。

今年6月5日，国家能源局发布《关于下达2016年光伏发电建设实施方案的通知》，将光伏领跑者基地规模提升至５．５吉瓦，占比超过全国年度光伏装机总指标的1/3。6月5日，国家能源局发布《关于下达2016年光伏发电建设实施方案的通知》，将2016年新增光伏电站的规模指标划定为18.1吉瓦，将光伏领跑者基地规模指标定为5.5吉瓦，这一指标额度是2015年大同领跑者示范基地的5倍之多。

大同领跑者计划示范项目的启动，直接推动了光伏产业新一轮技术升级的开启，受到了全行业的高度关注。国家能源局新能源司副司长梁志鹏说光伏产业发展速度之所以会这么快，是因为我们才刚刚起步。SolarCity是美国最大的光伏安装公司，目前也逐渐成为重要的光伏电板制造商。

伴随光伏行业就业岗位不断增加的是煤炭行业就业形势急剧下降。经过该公司的培训，尼尔森在安全小组中找到了一份正式的工作。

她解释道，随着安装人员和制造工人不断地积累工作经验，他们的工作效率会逐渐提升，而成本会逐渐下降。据了解，美国光伏产业安装工人的平均工资为每小时21美元，装配工人平均工资为每小时18美元。

据能源咨询公司GTMResearch公布的数据显示，在过去的两年里，美国产煤大州──怀俄明州、西弗吉尼亚州和肯塔基州，甚至都没有进入美国光伏安装各州排名前35名以内。全国有超过一半的光伏产业工作人员从事的工作与安装密切相关。

他表示，他还在仔细地考虑他的职业发展。尼尔森在接受英国《卫报》采访时表示，他目前是一名光伏系统的安装技术人员，生活在华盛顿。令人不可思议的是，制造业目前是美国光伏产业第二大组成部分。大约有20%的光伏企业表示，雇佣到非常专业的员工是非常困难的。

尼尔森说：把光伏电板安装在居民的房屋上是一件非常好的事情，因为你在为他们省钱。化石燃料最终会被用尽，如果我们不采取一些行动，全球变暖会危及成千上万条性命。

未来预测10～20年内就业率有望继续升高由于美国光伏产业的发展在很大程度上依赖政府的税收抵免政策的鼓励，这种就业高潮到底会持续多久，我们还并不清楚。我感到自己的职业生涯未来会发展得非常好，这是一份非常有趣的工作。

发展迅猛就业增加速度比整体水平快13倍25岁的尼尔森在建筑行业里从事过很多不同的工作，尽管工作了很多年，但他从来都没有感到真正满意。近几年，光伏产业是美国能源领域中发展最为迅猛的产业。

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